Chris Butler - Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot.
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Chris Butler - Illustrator for the Quantum Tarot.

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LIVERPOOL 245

After years of protracted negotiations, Baby Grand 245 turned up at the MTPS base at Wirral Transport Museum in Birkenhead during May 2006. It arrived from the Large Objects Store at Sandhills, Liverpool, after a lengthy journey via the Runcorn bridge. In a tripartate agreement, ownership remained with National Museums Liverpool, but the tram would be restored by the MTPS with the help of a Heritage Lottery grant, and operate on Wirral Council's heritage tramway. NML insisted as much of the original fabric of the tram as possible should be retained in the restoration.

Securing a lottery grant of £50,000 took years to attain, with the o.k. finally coming in February 2010. In the meantime, Society volunteers had stripped down the car sufficiently to reveal widespread rot in the car's ash framework, which had been accelerated during the years of storage at the Steamport Museum in Southport. The tram had been stored directly below a badly leaking roof and rainwater had poured through the car in cascades. Many of the panels were dented, punctured or badly corroded, while the steel screws used throughout were rusted in place and very difficult to remove without damage to aluminium beadings etc.
By the autumn of 2011, the following tasks had been completed: The four roof ventilators had been removed, stripped of rust, treated and repainted. The trolley plank which was twisted and rotten in parts was removed and an exact replica constructed. The ash cushions on which the trolley base sat were mostly rotted and a number of replicas were made. The trolley base was stripped down, all rust removed by grit blasting, and the metal painted in red oxide plus best quality exterior undercoat before reassembly.

All of the plywood roof between the two domes was stripped away. Much of the ply had delaminated with damp. The ash roof sticks were mostly in sound condition, and after soaking in preservative were all re-used. The steel carlines were all derusted, and painted appropriately. Several new carlines were added near the middle of the roof to support the weight of the trolley base.

A large steel plate which fits to the lower side of the trolley plank and is bolted to the trolley base with large bolts passing through the ash trolley plank was replaced because of excessive rust disintegration. New marine grade plywood was fitted down the centre of the roof between the two domed ends. For the sharp curves bending to the sides of the tram, laminations of bendy ply was used. All of the wooden section of the roof was then covered with canvas fitted in the traditional way, using paint, and with metal beadings covering all the edges.

Thoughout, the thick plywood and cork layer forming the upper saloon floor was generally in sound condition although water ingress had caused substantial rotting along its outer edges. This in turn had affected the ash cantrails running the length of the tram, and the pillars at almost all of the joints where they met. Replacing the cantrails and splicing in new ash to virtually all of the pillars was a major joinery feat. Thick new plywood sections were also installed along the floor edges. Sections of the ash seat rail also had to be replaced with new timber. Many of the interior plywood panels were rotted and removing rusted steel screws caused further damage. Consequently virtually all the side ply panels are new.


All the 16 curved ply ceiling panels were saved bar one which disintegrated through rot, and these were carefully treated with preservative. The original linen surface was retained and painted appropriately. The four 'canoe' shaped aluminium panels which fit on the ceiling at the domed ends were stripped of all corrosion (which meant losing their original linen) and new linen was carefully put back.

The advertisement panels over the end windows were refurbished and put back, along with original restored beadings. All the seats were removed and the leather cushions and backs stored. The steel seat frames were shotblasted to remove all rust and old paint, and then painted in oxide and undercoat. The aluminium pedestals were carefully stripped down, painted in acid etch primer, and undercoat then stored ready for eventual fitting.

Around 'A' end, the intricately curved ash cantrail around the end of the tram was found to be rotted and this was carefully replaced with great difficulty. Around the staircase, rot was detected in the pillars and sills of the lower saloon windows and more ash was spliced in. On the upper deck, the sills of the D shaped end windows were badly rotted through rain ingress, and all had to be replaced with new ash hardwood.

The three seized up winding mechanisms for the indicator blinds at this end of the car were removed, stripped down, derusted and cleaned out, and then reassembled in working order. Original 1950s indicators have been fitted to them. The indicator glazing was badly fitting with jagged edges and was replaced with 6 mm toughened glass with smooth edges, set in a waterproof sealant and the original beadings.

The small cupboard on which the air pressure gauges are mounted below the left of the driving position, was stripped down and the gauges cleaned and tested. After some new ash was incorporated, the cupboard was reassembled as new.

The windcsreen from 'A' end was stripped out and rebuilt, incorporating new parts to replace those too worn or rusted to re-use. New toughened glass was fitted to the lower section to replace a broken original. New windsceen wiper motors were sourced and parts from them incorporated into the original air operated motor wipers which were completely stripped down and rebuilt.
The step at 'A' end was found to have extensive rot and a new one was made and fitted. All the steel floor strips were gritblasted and re-used. This process is now being repeated at 'B' end of the car. The steel risers on both steps were stripped down for re-use and both were found to be carrying adverts for toothpaste under layers of green paint - obviously they had been cannibalised from other trams as an economy measure during 245's building in 1938, or fitted after subsequent accident damage.

Rot on the lower deck sills at 'A' end resulted in a new ash sill for the windscreen, and a new curved sill for the D window next to the step. The same process is being carried out at 'B' end in the autumn of 2011. Low voltage wiring has been installed throughout the upper deck, and the bell wiring is also in place. Great care has been taken to keep traction cables (not yet fitted) and lighting wiring, as far apart as possible.

One of the controllers has been overhauled plus one of the handbrake columns. Their tops, match strikers/stubbers and platform warning bells have all been rechromed. The tram's two motors have been overhauled at a local firm, and it is hoped the truck will also be overhauled before the end of 2011. The tram's underframe has suffered badly over the years with rust and a number of heavy collisions which have buckled some of the steelwork. This too, will hopefully be addressed in the near future. All the pitchpine tongue and groove planking forming the lower saloon floor has been removed prior to this work being carried out.

As work is carried out in the coming months, this report will be updated.